心脏磁共振（CMR）序列随着时间的推移可视化心脏功能的体素。同时，基于深度学习的可变形图像注册能够估计离散的向量字段，这些矢量字段将CMR序列的一个时间步骤扭曲为以下方式，以一种自我监督的方式。但是，尽管这些3D+T向量领域中包含的信息来源丰富，但标准化的解释具有挑战性，到目前为止，临床应用仍然有限。在这项工作中，我们展示了如何有效使用可变形的矢量场来描述心脏周期的基本动态过程，形式是派生的1D运动描述符。此外，基于收缩或放松心室的预期心血管生理特性，我们定义了一组规则，可以鉴定五个心血管阶段，包括末端 - 末端（ES）和末端diastole（ED），而无需使用标签的使用情况。我们评估了运动描述符在两个具有挑战性的多疾病， - 中心， - 扫描式短轴CMR数据集上的合理性。首先，通过报告定量措施，例如提取相的周期性框架差异。其次，通过定性地比较一般模式，当我们时间重新样本和对齐两个数据集的所有实例的运动描述符时。我们方法的ED，ES密钥阶段的平均周期框架差为0.80 \ pm {0.85} $，$ 0.69 \ pm {0.79} $，比观察者间的可变性略好（$ 1.07 \ pm {0.86} $， $ 0.91 \ pm {1.6} $）和监督基线方法（$ 1.18 \ pm {1.91} $，$ 1.21 \ pm {1.78} $）。代码和标签将在我们的GitHub存储库中提供。 https://github.com/cardio-ai/cmr-phase-detection

本文介绍了更轻松的项目及其范围的概念概述。更轻松地专注于通过半自治的移动操纵器在灾难反应方案中支持紧急部队。具体来说，我们检查了操作员对系统的信任以及其使用所产生的认知负荷。我们计划讨论不同的研究主题，探讨共享的自主权，互动设计和透明度与信任和认知负担如何相关。另一个目标是开发非侵入性方法，以使用多级方法在灾难响应的背景下连续衡量信任和认知负荷。该项目由多个学术合作伙伴进行，专门从事人工智能，互动设计和心理学，以及灾难响应设备的工业合作伙伴和最终用户，用于制定项目和实验实验。

在信息检索（IR）系统中，趋势和用户的兴趣可能会随着时间的推移而变化，改变要建议的请求或内容的分布。由于神经排名越来越依赖于培训数据，因此了解最近IR方法的转移能力在长期地址新域名的转移能力至关重要。在本文中，我们首先提出基于MSMarco语料库的数据集，旨在建模长期的主题以及IR属性驱动的受控设置。然后，我们深入分析最近神经红外模型的能力，同时不断地学习这些流。我们的实证研究突出显示在其中发生灾难性遗忘（例如，任务之间的相似程度，文本长度的特点，学习模型的方式），以便在模型设计方面提供未来的方向。

在这项工作中，我们的目标是提供自然语言的结构化答案，以便复杂的信息需求。特别是，我们从数据到文本生成的角度来设想使用生成模型。我们建议使用内容选择和规划管道，该管道旨在通过生成中间计划来构建答案。使用TREC复杂答案检索（CAR）数据集进行实验评估。我们评估生成的答案及其相应的结构，并显示了与文本到文本模型相比的基于规划的模型的有效性。

动态系统参见在物理，生物学，化学等自然科学中广泛使用，以及电路分析，计算流体动力学和控制等工程学科。对于简单的系统，可以通过应用基本物理法来导出管理动态的微分方程。然而，对于更复杂的系统，这种方法变得非常困难。数据驱动建模是一种替代范式，可以使用真实系统的观察来了解系统的动态的近似值。近年来，对数据驱动的建模技术的兴趣增加，特别是神经网络已被证明提供了解决广泛任务的有效框架。本文提供了使用神经网络构建动态系统模型的不同方式的调查。除了基础概述外，我们还审查了相关的文献，概述了这些建模范式必须克服的数值模拟中最重要的挑战。根据审查的文献和确定的挑战，我们提供了关于有前途的研究领域的讨论。

View-dependent effects such as reflections pose a substantial challenge for image-based and neural rendering algorithms. Above all, curved reflectors are particularly hard, as they lead to highly non-linear reflection flows as the camera moves. We introduce a new point-based representation to compute Neural Point Catacaustics allowing novel-view synthesis of scenes with curved reflectors, from a set of casually-captured input photos. At the core of our method is a neural warp field that models catacaustic trajectories of reflections, so complex specular effects can be rendered using efficient point splatting in conjunction with a neural renderer. One of our key contributions is the explicit representation of reflections with a reflection point cloud which is displaced by the neural warp field, and a primary point cloud which is optimized to represent the rest of the scene. After a short manual annotation step, our approach allows interactive high-quality renderings of novel views with accurate reflection flow. Additionally, the explicit representation of reflection flow supports several forms of scene manipulation in captured scenes, such as reflection editing, cloning of specular objects, reflection tracking across views, and comfortable stereo viewing. We provide the source code and other supplemental material on https://repo-sam.inria.fr/ fungraph/neural_catacaustics/

Edge computing is changing the face of many industries and services. Common edge computing models offload computing which is prone to security risks and privacy violation. However, advances in deep learning enabled Internet of Things (IoTs) to take decisions and run cognitive tasks locally. This research introduces a decentralized-control edge model where most computation and decisions are moved to the IoT level. The model aims at decreasing communication to the edge which in return enhances efficiency and decreases latency. The model also avoids data transfer which raises security and privacy risks. To examine the model, we developed SAFEMYRIDES, a scene-aware ridesharing monitoring system where smart phones are detecting violations at the runtime. Current real-time monitoring systems are costly and require continuous network connectivity. The system uses optimized deep learning that run locally on IoTs to detect violations in ridesharing and record violation incidences. The system would enhance safety and security in ridesharing without violating privacy.

Cognitive Computing (COC) aims to build highly cognitive machines with low computational resources that respond in real-time. However, scholarly literature shows varying research areas and various interpretations of COC. This calls for a cohesive architecture that delineates the nature of COC. We argue that if Herbert Simon considered the design science is the science of artificial, cognitive systems are the products of cognitive science or 'the newest science of the artificial'. Therefore, building a conceptual basis for COC is an essential step into prospective cognitive computing-based systems. This paper proposes an architecture of COC through analyzing the literature on COC using a myriad of statistical analysis methods. Then, we compare the statistical analysis results with previous qualitative analysis results to confirm our findings. The study also comprehensively surveys the recent research on COC to identify the state of the art and connect the advances in varied research disciplines in COC. The study found that there are three underlaying computing paradigms, Von-Neuman, Neuromorphic Engineering and Quantum Computing, that comprehensively complement the structure of cognitive computation. The research discuss possible applications and open research directions under the COC umbrella.

Reading comprehension of legal text can be a particularly challenging task due to the length and complexity of legal clauses and a shortage of expert-annotated datasets. To address this challenge, we introduce the Merger Agreement Understanding Dataset (MAUD), an expert-annotated reading comprehension dataset based on the American Bar Association's 2021 Public Target Deal Points Study, with over 39,000 examples and over 47,000 total annotations. Our fine-tuned Transformer baselines show promising results, with models performing well above random on most questions. However, on a large subset of questions, there is still room for significant improvement. As the only expert-annotated merger agreement dataset, MAUD is valuable as a benchmark for both the legal profession and the NLP community.

The application of deep learning algorithms to financial data is difficult due to heavy non-stationarities which can lead to over-fitted models that underperform under regime changes. Using the Numerai tournament data set as a motivating example, we propose a machine learning pipeline for trading market-neutral stock portfolios based on tabular data which is robust under changes in market conditions. We evaluate various machine-learning models, including Gradient Boosting Decision Trees (GBDTs) and Neural Networks with and without simple feature engineering, as the building blocks for the pipeline. We find that GBDT models with dropout display high performance, robustness and generalisability with relatively low complexity and reduced computational cost. We then show that online learning techniques can be used in post-prediction processing to enhance the results. In particular, dynamic feature neutralisation, an efficient procedure that requires no retraining of models and can be applied post-prediction to any machine learning model, improves robustness by reducing drawdown in volatile market conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the creation of model ensembles through dynamic model selection based on recent model performance leads to improved performance over baseline by improving the Sharpe and Calmar ratios. We also evaluate the robustness of our pipeline across different data splits and random seeds with good reproducibility of results.